Basic geometry and mensuration: lines, rays and segments, Pythagoras' theorem, and the formulas for the perimeter, area, surface area and volume of standard 2D shapes and 3D solids.
4 reference pages
The Pythagorean theorem explained, with a worked real-world distance example.
The differences between a line segment, a ray, and a line, and what makes points or lines collinear or concurrent.
Area and perimeter formulas for rectangles, squares, circles, sectors, triangles, and regular pentagons, including Heron's formula, with a worked example.
Surface area and volume formulas for cuboids, cubes, spheres, cylinders, cones, and frustums of a cone, with a worked example.